Improved steam-boiler



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY JACKSON, OF ELIZABETH TOVNSIIIP, OIIIO.

IMPROVED STEAM-BOILER.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N o. 11,377, dated July 25,1854.

.To all whom t 1x1/tty concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY JACKSON, of the township of Elizabeth, Miamicounty, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and ImprovedSteam-Boiler; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and the letters ot reference marked thereon, making a part ofthis specification, in Which- Figurel is a perspective view of theboilercase,steam-reservoir, and connections. Fig. 2 is a perspectiveView of the generator and heater attached thereto. Fig. 3 is ahorizontal section of the generator, heater, return-pipe, and coileddiaphragm in connection with the outside case forming the flue; Fig. et,a vertical section of the heater; Fig.

5,a section of the bottom and topconnecting-i coil of the generator.tion of the lire-box.

The nature ot' my invention consists in con1- bining in asteam-boilergreater strength than any in common use, by which thepressure of the steam and consequent power of the engine may beincreased without the liability to explosion, a greater amount ot'heatingsurface with less metal, economy of space, and a saving ot' heatwhich is ordinarily wasted.

The above-mentioned objects I accomplish by means ot' a boiler composedot' tubes and their tubular connections, and so arranged that when inuse the water will maintain a constant circulation through theln, sothat all the heating surface Ina-y be employed for use and at the sametime free from the liability to become overheatcd; also, by constructinga reservoir of a tubular or other suitable form so arranged and soconnected with the generator that the 'steam may pass into it andthereby the water separated therefrom which has been carried along withit from the generating-tubes and allowing the same to be conveyed backinto the lower part of generator in order to obviate priming, and, also,by constructing a series of tubes and so arranging them that by means ofwhich the heat remaining in the products of combustion Fig.` 6 isavertical secat'ter they have left the generator proper will be employedfor heating lthe feed-water in the heater on its way to the generator,these said products of combustion passing in one so arranged as to causethe products of comt bustion to circulate freely among the tubes,

as well as directing the draft from the top of,`

boiler-case downwardthrough the grate and between the tubes composingthe tire-box into the flue, so as to consume all the smoke arising fromcombustion.

To enable others skillediin the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction. Y

I construct my boiler of tubes and tubular connections F2, soconstructed and connected as that the whole not only forms nearly acontinuous coil ot' tubes, but that each separate part or tube is soconnected with other tubes as to admit the water or steam, asthe casemay be, to circulate or pass freely from the horizontal connecting-tubesinto the vertical tubes, or from the vertical tubes into the hori--zontal tubes at every joint otconnection.

The fire-box B is made ot' slightly-tapering tubes 'i y'2l 1'., setvertically-and connected together at top and bottom with a horizontalcircular tube d a a, and arranged with the small ends downward and thetop or large ends nearly touching each other. This arrangement torms thecylindrical lire-box B, with apertures between the tubes t t, Fig. 6,enlarging `from the top downward, through which a part of the flame andheat may pass out into the {iue and among the tubes of other parts. Acoil of tubes F2 C is then formed,

with the vertical tubes Z Z l l setdistant from each other one-halttheir diameters,or more or less, as is required, and connected. at thetop and bottom with coiled horizontal tubes c c c. This coil is thenconnected by uniting the inner ends o of the coiled connecting-tubeswith the horizontal circular tubes a 'a a of the ire-box B. Thisarrangement constitutes the generator proper, and may be made of anylength of coil and size and length of tube necessary to produce theamount of steam required.

Outside of the coil C, and which is a continuation vof the same, isplaced a series of Vertical tubes j j j or their equivalents, andconnected alternately at top and bottom with horizontal tubes CZ d d ortheir equivalents.

rlhis arrangement constitutes the heater D,'

and is connected e, Fig. 3, either at the top or bottom, as the case maybe, with the horizont-al connecting-tubes c c c of the generator.

At suitable distances from each other in the generator D, tubes aresurrounded with a metal casing P P P, of sufficient diameter to admit ofintroducing between the tubes and casing some bad conductor of heat inorder to prevent ebullition in these tubes, so that any water which mayaccumulate in the top horizontal tubes a ct a c c c may return back intothe generator again, or, at suitable distances ot' interval for the samepurpose, I insert within vertical tu bes smaller tubes, which will havethe same elfect.

Above the generator B and C, I place a tubular circular reservoir R,Fig. l, of capacity corresponding to the purposes for which it isconstructed. This reservoir is connected `with the generator by tubes xx, Fig. 2, so as to admit the steam to pass freely from vf1 he generatorinto lthe reservoir; also, this resreservoir hasone or more tubularconnections,

le, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, with the outside of the lower horizontal coil ofthe generator in order to conveyl any Water which may accumulate in thereservoir back into the generator again.

The manner of uniting the tubes at their various connections may be bybrazing or soldering, Fig. 2, or .with cast connections, s s s o" 7',Figs. l, 4, and 5, or other devices, and riveted, bolted, or screwedtogether, or in any other way equally Well calculated to secure strengthand durability. l

The grate g g, Fig. 3, should be placed at or above the bottom of theseriesof tubes composing the tire-box, and below the grate and fire-boxis an ash-pit so arranged and constructed as to admit the ilame to passf rom the tire-box freely under and from thence into the flue or flues,and also when in use can be closed air-tight.

From the reservoir the steam istaken o, o, Fig. 1, at any point mostsuitable, and also on top of the reservoir` may be placed a safetyvalvesimilar to those in common use.

Gage-cocks similar to those in common use may be inserted in one or moreof the vertical tnbes composing the generator.

I-plaoe my boiler thus constructed in a oase of metal A, Figs. l and 3,having Within a coiled diaphragm of metaluu u u, attached at one end Wto the case A aud running around and between the coil formed by theheater and generator, so arranged as to form a flue for the ame and heatto pass from the firebox and grate along the coil of tubes composing thegenerator and heater, and .thence out at the chimney m, Figs. l and 3.The oase A has an opening 'at the top for the admission of fuel and theair which is necessary to support its combustion. The draft is from thetop downward through the fuel, the grate, and between the tubescomposing the rebox. This arrangement secures the almost perfectcombustion of all the fuel, and thus renders it a smoke-consumer.

That I claim as my invention, and desire to be secured by LettersPatent, is not the constructing of a boiler of tubes simply; but

I do claim- 1. The arrangement of the vertical watertubes and lspiraltlues in relation to the furnace, as herein described.

2. The arrangement of the vertical Watery HENRY JACKSON.

\Vitnesses:

JAMES S. EUBANK, S. T. SHUGERT.

